Discussion session

 He W Zhao: Now enter the discussion session.
Young Man Kang: Professor Wang's lecture, the big inspiration to me. Wang said that several books, such as A finishing touch so that, finally, I think we understand based on the original lot, where several very enlightening for me. On Writing Culture, in fact, read a lot of things we think but do not understand, Professor Wang's words, culture is written out. On this issue, I have some ideas will be, and Professor Wang will ask this question. There are museums for example, this is very inspiring to me. that is the museum, I think this should be and intangible cultural heritage linked concepts. you say this stuff he got Western Louvre in Paris, in the middle is also very well preserved, but may return to local, due to various conditions, environmental and other reasons, may actually save the poor. non-material cultural heritage in the middle of what kind of environment to preserve, protect, which is actually a very important issue. is not we say we value it, protect it, we can protect well. Perhaps it is a very important issue, This gives me great inspiration. There is also a study about the sound, in fact, we call on the sound of voice. A few days ago I Xishuangbanna, there is a cultural center of Beijing University of Technology professor asked, why do you use voice and no sound, or music that concept. In fact, I think Professor Wang a few words to me today was the big inspiration, for example, you mentioned the French, calendar, calendar and so on. Many people have heard the bell, for example, I did fieldwork in the Dai areas, many, many times, a lot of the season, many places in the said rights, status, are used to represent the sound. So how do we come to understand the role of sound? music in the whole space, what kind of role in society as a whole, what kind of role. This is a popular metaphor, but it is still winter ridge inspired. well, for example, why we holders to use the concept of culture to explain their own culture, or the holder of the interpretation of cultural interpretation, interpretation of anthropology. Professor Wang a sentence or two is very clear. early scholars believe that, with the religious witch operation of its own is not possible, there must be beyond the eyes of an outsider, or a scientific perspective to understand. On the contrary, we emphasize that we use culture and religion with their own concept of magic, see the culture through their own . so a few very simple analogy, I think this thing very thoroughly. I think I still admire the explanatory power of Professor Wang, understanding. Thank you very much.
I have two questions I would like to Professor Wang discuss the issue. You mentioned the issue on Ethnomusicology. What is Ethnomusicology, where you said something, what is folk music? I admire you for your explanation, that it is actually his mouth, folk music and traditional country culture, these two factors, then if it is not a traditional concept, it is actually a mind-controlled by the modern concept of traditional music, with duality. So the idea of national school of music is actually worth discussing. I fully agree the future I may be referenced. but one thing I want to take out of the discussion is not equal to Ethnomusicology National Music School. Why? is what we just said, in the country on this research, a national music school , a music Anthropology, Ethnomusicology Ethnomusicology is actually equivalent to the original call. One is Ethnomusicology, one is the Anthropology of Music, is anthropology plus Music, all music anthropology. so people understand the past, the nation Ethnomusicology Music of the study, in the past is to see it as a synonym for traditional music, traditional music synonymous with science, this seems not appropriate I feel a little bit. actually is music ethnomusicology anthropology, ethnology and anthropology, like the nation science and anthropology in the West is similar in many places, so the middle of China's Ethnology Ethnomusicology is equivalent to the concept of anthropology, from this perspective, does not mean ethnomusicology folk music of the study, Professor Wang wanted to ask about.
There is another problem, that is, on the written culture. Culture is written by the concept, Professor Wang is very modest, say you do not understand music, in fact, I say you humble, you play the violin origin. and you also taught art at the university Anthropology of the class, then I think there is a problem I'd like to write music culture on us to do ethnographic or art of ethnography, in what way this relates to, or what kind of presentation to write culture problem. So if you like cultural anthropologists to write, to say the means to write with your culture, then anthropology of our music, or art of anthropology, I use music, art means to write culture. then we go into music people who write our own culture is a special means, for example composition. to do creative, music, fine arts creative writing with the law of laws, like the so-called culture is creative writing, writing. Sometimes I think a problem, such as our Writing Culture, the work of our law, rules of writing a symphony, a small piece from the general method of writing, laws, ethnographic writing with this method should have in common the. Here, of course the time I could not say to You want to talk, listen to Professor Wang in this respect no idea what the exchange Thank you.
Anthropology: Thanks for the encouragement of Yang. two questions. One is that ethnomusicology is not equal to the study of folk music This is for sure. Now the students would create confusion, when you Eethnomusicology translated into ethnomusicology, the students might put it simply equated with the study of folk music. translation has always been difficult to avoid. Ethno in China has been translated into national and ethnic groups in China have a specific meaning, the translation is easy for us to officially recognize that fifty-six nationalities in that respect to think about, or to think about that thing behind the Chinese nation. the one hand, We clearly know that we all know Ethnomusicology and folk music are two different things, but younger students will be confused, when the cadres are more likely to confuse people more to see the literal, by definition, that is the study of music not learn the traditional folk music thing. In fact, there is mystery find many, how to put this matter more clearly, is a problem. The second is about the musical expression of Anthropology issues, how to write culture, ethnomusicology how to write culture. that the else to write, for example, or film, such as poetry, etc, tapes. then you say is a bit like experiencing life-style. after you experience life as a song that is written culture, no problem. In this regard, I have no idea, because I will not even notation, music, anthropology primary issue is how to implement those things other people to sing to read music, and presented as a file. but really be able to read music people hear voices a minority, we see your book on the very tired sometimes. The voice you hear, because you record the sound, so there are virtually audiovisual equipment you need, you may know better than us. However, I is more conservative attitude in face of anthropological research. Writing Culture made it really, of course, in each of writing, the culture is out of his writing, his writing has a kind of music culture, but the music culture can write me. This means what? We can use music culture to rethink our own heart. way around, you use music to regroup anthropological perspective, a bit like Levi - Strauss, the structural anthropologist, writing a book format with music, with musical logic.
Young Man Kang: On this written with music written and the general cultural similarities between the problems, I mean that the ethnography of thinking and the thinking is very similar to the music. For example, in class I tell my students, we master's thesis, doctoral thesis, why should a relatively complex structure, as well as the symphony's main department for example, the Deputy Ministry , expand the department and then to the end of the department. It began with the exposition, if you have only one theme you can not become a symphony, is a simple musical form. you know, a lot of people write symphonies, but he is always a melody is a melody down go, go down one by one theme, one melody, it can not become a symphony. symphony of what is important is that at least two or more themes intertwined. have such complex thinking, it is intertwined, it The dramatic conflict, conflict, presented in the exposition, the commencement of the Ministry of intertwined, and then reach a harmonious conclusion Department. from our thinking, writing, the doctoral thesis, master thesis not have to have this mentality. This is my way of thinking from the perspective of writing to understand. of course we are talking about a musical, there are many worthy of our discussion. We said, school, I very much agree with what you say. We sometimes have confusing, that is used in the nation, state, rights, in the end what words to express how the English expression? nationality, group, ethnic group, how to state such a relationship expression. you just say that our nation we are using the concept of fifty-six nationalities, or to understand the concept of national folk music, this concept is already extended to the concept of traditional music inside. a lot of things in fact, Why do I say the same, and that it is the concept of anthropology and ethnology complementary, in fact, is not the same, we always emphasize to the students. you just told us I have remembered to mention this issue is still very important .
CONSERVATORY: My question was not asked Professor Wang, I would like to ask Professor Yang (laughs). I have noticed when it comes to written culture, I think this is something quite interesting, I think the music school quite open, But I do not understand this means that you just write about culture, this is the ethnography of writing and writing compared to the symphony, especially in musical form and the sonata form such a comparison. Why ethnomusicology and anthropology research should Such a box with a Western-style framework for consideration? do not understand this, would like to ask me (laughs).
Young Man Kang: I actually mentioned that the structure of ethnographic writing, did not address the content. Why with the nation or how wide is the hh
Zhao: is the structure he asked.
CONSERVATORY: For ah, the structure for that kind of thinking.
Ho W Zhao: Right.
CONSERVATORY: complete unity of opposites is a Western-oriented things, and why should you consider such a way that you do ethnographic writing?
Young People and Sport: Because what, I do music student lectures, discussion, and I think we used The metaphor of music to do the thinking seems to be more easily understood Writing Culture.
CONSERVATORY: why do not you do folk music means this structure?
Young People and Sport: National Music? it are two different things.
CONSERVATORY: I think it is more Unified ah, ethnic music, way of thinking, such as folk music has its own structure, such as cable Thirteen sets of strings ah so, the thinking has its own national characteristics, to understand in this way is not better off?
Young Man Kang : It is the thinking and your understanding of folk music itself is useful, but you understand the writing method, writing structure. I have talked with the simple structure of complex structures, Ph.D. thesis, it is the complexity and conflict, it's the middle of this the complexity of cultural elements, it is a lot of things you can not make it clear literary language. But I will give students the structure of this musical analogy, they are easy to understand. Instead, take those things, the more confused the more you stir.
presence Student 1: Hello Wang, Yao I listen to just the teacher, I also think that very important structural problems, but I think the musical structure and language of Western thinking and China's structure and language of thinking it should be different, I would like to know that apart from some of Saussure's Today, 30 years talking about the hot issues of Anthropology, but I want to know your future, anthropology, anthropology of China is the world development trend of anthropology, for example, what are inadequate, or that what remains to be development of the field or problem, you can do to introduce it? This is the second question. The third question is would like to ask about the non-material cultural heritage protection issues. you mentioned a number of words, that they feel represent the non-material different attitudes and cultural protection. I would like to ask about your cultural heritage embodied in these words the attitude is. There is, academic-based researchers who are classical, so in the understanding of the academic and social development of our example protection and development. In this regard, consider what you have. Sometimes I feel very contradictory, that want to protect it, although this is an old topic, but still there.
Anthropology: there is not one on Oriental Languages very good book, because I do not know how to linguistics, so you ask the wrong person. my impression, the world's most powerful should be the former Soviet Union and its Eastern linguistics should be the most important, they have a strong theory, but also more respectful of the East. I think you can find what version of Translation of the former Soviet Union. The second problem is rather large, that introduces a lot of hot spots, what lack of it, what the future will go, this is a big topic . Each person can prospect, but we do things that people may become increasingly limited, the road gets narrower, so may not be able to answer well. I think that lack of anthropology in Europe and America, is a serious imitate each other. a concept out into the world, people need to study this stuff. simple and obvious point that, out of a concept of globalization, the world of anthropology application subject, if you did not write globalization, it would not grant money that the Foundation , scholars have not cast your votes. Another phenomenon is that some of the fashionable books you do not like is that you do not lead learning. In fact, research just is not the case, is a serious problem over the past 30 years, I think that Western academic has reached a disappointing situation, even though you want to find it is to find a out of inspiration, but the discipline system, if not worse than us, it is the same. China's academic system is now badly , but fortunately not so well-developed discipline in China, so the question is not so obvious. There are many old debate, is actually worth to the aftertaste. so I concluded that there are individuals in return, to return to the old topic. This is a big problem . specifically is that I think more and more anthropologists to understand the methods literature, and really happy and being of the people to talk. they are more willing to take an abstract word and then around Qutao, some of the problems the West We also have these issues internally. the future I think it should return to the early 20th century that the field survey, a return to simple ethnography in particular, to find inspiration. I was on the second question I failed to answer. The third I can not answer the question. Intangible Cultural Heritage? my concept of intangible cultural heritage and deep prejudice, dislike the concept. I see, in fact, the protection of culture is often the destruction of culture.
presence Student 2: Thank you King professor, I study the music of three students in the Department of Yang Yanli, my specialty is the world's folk music. Professor Xie Xiewang speech as we do, we are that benefit. I wanted to teachers and Yang Yao discussions problem to express my personal thoughts. may not make right, I just think so. I think Yang stresses that the power of Western-style thinking should be from students in terms of writing papers, and papers on this aspects, including our subject, we must acknowledge that we learn from the West this subject, including its theory, including its various methods, I think Yang is from this aspect to consider, and Yao teacher to be the problem, is that we study our own music with the West should not be this way. right Yao teacher?
Ho Chiu W: No, you said these two issues is not clear.
presence Student 2: I think to our Chinese traditional music is concerned, to our thinking in terms of China's national, we Chinese thinking this is a literary scholar of thinking, such as we wrote the article, written by our traditional articles, it is the emphasis on a kinds of aesthetic, a literary expression of our hearts, so it does not fit to write our thesis in Ethnomusicology this format. So, this is my personal idea. is to learn from the western approach to our own research, our own thinking, we can think more can be recognized several people in such a way to show it. I think this is.
presence Student 3: My fellow teachers, my name is Wang Xianyan, I would like to have Yang and Yao discussion with the teachers. Mr Wang also said, in fact, the argument is written to provide a variety of cultural possibilities. academic research, or works written by us, that is, we write papers, There are several possibilities should be, that should not be applied to a model or a theory. I remember not very clear how the original sample, I remember such a statement. Westerner to write cultural identity as a Westerner to a different culture to understand the actual inspection, and then master the knowledge in this area and then relayed to the West after the society as a knowledge of the results. and then the theory and results is the so-called multi-angle, that is, you go to observe the community, or just a point of your writing. This point can be multiple, of course, work can also be multiple. So I think we ethnomusicology as well. Also, I like just the return of Professor Wang said the early 20th century, I think we should Ethnomusicology is the case, should be based on solid field work on their own, you can reach many Western point of view, it does not matter, you can also use their own theoretical point of view or the traditional method, but it is a prerequisite is to work in this field over the solid with your own thinking. all the theoretical methods can be transformed into field work for you observe the object just different angles. Of course this perspective will do you more more in-depth understanding of the object So I do not think too many papers have to be a model or starting a model what theory, what point of view. I have some requirements, such as some of biggest names in the West to talk to our school, such as Anthony Seeger matter, he studied the Why Masato singing capitalism or Christianity among ethnic music and to study their social structure of a relationship, and then come to his theory. And then there Timothy Rice's triple model, the object of his visit is just to experience a country from rural and The Government then to the U.S., such a conversion of three different locations, meaning that in a constantly changing based on the proposed mode of this triple. So I think, or just the view, in particular, Professor Wang said should appreciate the return to the early 20th century very simple, very solid, but made it clear that a research model. But I have a question, that is, written culture, as I mentioned earlier, the Western culture, of course, is to study the writing of non-Western, and then become a kinds of knowledge conveyed to its community. in the relaying process with its purpose, which is used for its community to increase its understanding of the world community. that our domestic scholars to study these things our country, our What is the purpose? This is the first question. My second question is the relationship between culture and history to write, we write what the future is what people, or look at our own writing culture.
Anthropology: the purpose of academic research? mean bit of that, the domestic Writing Culture aims to encourage people to become material, then abroad, it is probably in order to grasp the whole world, in order to investigate the expression of the world. The difference with the psychological state of the domestic and social sciences related. Writing Culture What is the impact for the future? Each text will have its future, the future of some of the larger text, but we probably will not have much of these texts in the future. The so-called future is that it is immortal, it will not die. anthropological writings are immortal, but there are very few, probably we are in a tragic era, that is, repeating some of the future will not be the memory of the past.
Ho Chiu W: I have to clarify what teachers and Yao Yang discussion. I think what we like to discuss a long time, the problem itself has not been clarified. Yang actually say what that mean? My understanding is that he does not mean doctors and masters thesis writing, but that ethnography in the process of writing music is inside the structure of sonata form with the West to write this article. That means the teacher Yao said, since you on a musical ethnography of Chinese writing, why not the structure of the traditional Chinese way of thinking music structure of this thesis. YAO teacher is mean?
Yao teacher: This is something we talk about here (laughs).
Ho W Zhao: So, now I'll ask a question, I want to see Professor Wang as a anthropologist to see how.'s actually our Chinese scholars about a decade ago, we had a very lively discussion, is on the development of Chinese music in the 20th century to reflect on the road. So some scholars, the value of Western culture, theory of relativity, that 20th century music of our language is the product of westernization. such as are equivalent in value. So we are in precisely such a development path on 20th century music, as drawing on Western, resulting from the nature of my disappearance, so the scholars believe that to rebuild the local music culture. I do not know as an anthropologist, you look at how to debate.
Anthropology: I this has two sides, in theory I think it is not self. We Chinese do not exist pure Chinese culture, Chinese culture is what we have? We arts and culture are rarely the true self. Our nation if there is anything unique, is that it is particularly good at using other people's creation. So, I recently wanted to prove that he who is part of the self, this can not be two. On the other hand, indeed, we are now there have been some academic and cultural issues, including the heritage of this concept, most recently the West has a book called . However, we are so happy to accept it and use it to find that our domestic heritage. Therein lies the problem, is to give up self. give up self there are other manifestations, for example, articles published in English commentary, Professor, so easy much about writing a book in English to write the equivalent of 6.8 Chinese books, as the dollar than the yuan is 1:6.8. This is the strange phenomenon. Our Schools are not a lot of this academic phenomenon of self-esteem, no self-esteem and cultural phenomenon. We should have our own language and expression, should not the old structure with a foreign set of our own hearts. how about this true? third point, not just the two factions of the dispute, not only of what he and I were of importance question, how in that they have the self, can have a global point of view, only when you complete the self is one of the world, when your self is valuable. on to this bad before, because in theory Most of the emphasis on cultural self, it is the very exclusive, but does anyone have the courage to say, I explained that the self is a worldwide system. This was a key to my world the world than you have to worldwide. This is related to have the guts to do it I think, if you really want to emphasize that our expression, not to fall into a kind of cultural pluralism repeated argument. in the implementation of the above, or pay attention to a certain standard, there is also a cultural a certain standard, which is more exciting. If you say we all relativism, the way I came as I go, this will not help us explain our culture is very great. If our culture is great, then since it is world, now, to prove this. I think there is a need to prove that your description is a good way to prove just say no is better than others. For example RECORDS is better than ethnography? This is can be compared, much like local history and ethnography, but it is very different.
Young Man Kang: I have such a discussion makes sense, I also reflect on the discussions by people of my own point of view. Professor Wang has just explained over and over again, I think that is a question, write culture is a great concept. to have Professor Wang said that, our researchers, who parties or the Other of my problem is with his treatment of persons of different cultures of the such a view. Here, I were a continuation of the past who he or Western advocates of Western colonizers of translation, and now used in our own body. But anyway, I think the writing culture, it still has some thematic statements, , class presentation, and empathy in which the various relations. That problem is that I actually have the discussion with the teacher Yao and Yan first discussion is to say, we are in discussions on different levels. I just want to expressed from the perspective of class, I said that I expressed in class situation. Yao thematic statements from the teacher, the first brilliant it seems too. That is, we actually are not contradictory. these types of views, a few species level, in about the middle of a large number of cultures are in fact co-exist. The key is we have not carried out in the collision of these points. But I feel like the king told the teacher can open the windows for us, for all of us study of different directions during the middle to face the concept of writing culture, or to accept the methods of cultural anthropology, or a discussion, criticism, criticism of anthropological methods. This dialogue has a very good start, I to the purpose of this lecture today reached.
Li Xiaodong: Professor Wang Hello, just heard your report, and we a great inspiration. I asked the question on a more edges, that is, I sometimes read some anthropology books, I have an experience that is a lot of anthropological work in China I can not see, in particular article. is to use a lot of theory, and as I have said, it is the study of problems and things that do not match. I later had a fear, I think anthropology is an especially good manufacturing concepts, and manufacture of various frameworks of the subjects. then I think I want to ask a question or a theory that is the important problems are important, I think this is very critical a problem. So I think the 20th century anthropology, a rise that is a critique of evolutionary thinking, now how the kind of anthropology, the problems they face is what is the world you just say, a universal nature, then certainly in the present era of anthropology has now divided this age. I think the problem and the theory is not people get it reversed? then there is the question about the last one you just return, you say back to the late 19th century the Fraser theory, then, does this mean? in the development of anthropology what it means?
Anthropology: This question is very important. The first issue of our study is important in the end and theoretical importance. I think this relationship is like that. We, as teachers are some theories in the hope that students can have a certain cultivation, with the school support to study a phenomenon, a problem. natural for us to this theory, learning support is to to show it. Of course it will not be objected that the scholar with a good response to the existing research to a point of view, this is possible. But now, you, you pointed out that this is very important. not just that a lot of construction that anthropologists time seems a bit dubious, the domestic mess a lot of time to introduce the theory. I think this problem is not simple is the problem and how to put the relationship between theory, but theory itself, because the theory itself is an experience research. For example, the idea of your research Fei Xiaotong, this is a question of experience, not simply an ideological problem (laughs). Now this relationship is not straight, most people (including us here in fact), may have to be cultured with increased, while constantly improving reading this kind of thing is necessary. But the time to do research, must be what it is we have to say, this is meant that we, or is casually said. Writing Culture bad thing That is, it allows us to easily write without basis, it has such a feeling as if there is no rules. We are writing culture, the writing of this writing, are all equal. still unequal, and some well written, and some poor written, some true, some untrue. the academic community to establish a very clear things in China, a political and academic and not very clear sub-national, this is still a long way I think . This is not just that the outside of the system is already deep inside a.
second, what problems you face that anthropology, which I would not for Westerners to think, because I live in China, Although I have been studied, but my major works are written in Chinese. I want to care for our anthropological current problems in China. I think the problem we face is that I think we Chinese are now the problem is social science issues. Social science is a problem, not a social wrong. anthropology as a social science if we can improve, do better contribute to the higher, then it makes sense. embodies what's wrong Social Sciences ? I think it is the concept of borrowing countries to study our country. In fact, our country is not a country before its essence, and now the concept of social science based on the state. actual social science equivalent of the state, in the 19th century or earlier Dugan that is equal to the State. European countries is only about one of our province, with as a local theory that developed countries to study such a big thing, this is our social science issues in China, but also the issue of China's history to modern times Since such a generation. I think we face this problem, but also contribute to the world anthropology, because it is a new problem. Maybe they consider is the tribe turned to the country's problems, we consider the supra-national system of smaller problems. < br> The third, back in the end you say specifically what it means? I think the 19th century anthropologists, his knowledge is very extensive. not present, an anthropologist can only understand a village Pianchipianhe life. While Fraser does not travel, but he looked scary in the book is simply more than he can almost never been to that place, that place will be able to write some custom extremely vivid. than that a particular anthropologist immersed a place for life, probably could not write so few words. That is why we return to a cause of early anthropology. Today, an anthropologist at the knowledge on the actual ...